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The Influence of Physical-Spatial Dynamics of the Arbaeen Walking Route on Tourists’ Physiological Indicators
(Case Study: The Arbaeen Walk from Zero to One Hundred Post)
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Abstract: (201 Views) |
The Arbaeen Walk, as one of the world’s largest religious gatherings, encompasses extensive spiritual and cultural dimensions. However, the influence of the route’s environmental characteristics on the pilgrims’ physiological indicators has been less scientifically studied. This research aims to investigate the effects of different segments of the Arbaeen walking route on physiological indicators associated with relaxation, including heart rate, stress level, and blood oxygen saturation.
This experimental study employed a within-subject design on 100 healthy pilgrims (50 males and 50 females) with an average age ranging from 12 to 80 years. Participants were selected from both Iranian and Iraqi nationalities. Physiological measurements were conducted using a smartwatch across five distinct segments of the route (ranging from enclosed urban zones to open natural areas). Data were collected and analyzed while controlling for environmental variables including air quality, temperature, humidity, and noise levels.
Results demonstrated a significant improvement in physiological indicators as participants transitioned from urban to natural segments. Mean heart rate decreased from 88 beats per minute in the first sector to 67 beats per minute in the fifth sector. Stress level dropped from 54 units to 25 units, and blood oxygen saturation increased from 95% to 99%. Elderly and non-native pilgrims exhibited the highest sensitivity to environmental stressors, whereas native pilgrims and adolescents showed better adaptability.
The Arbaeen walking route functions as a “therapeutic-spiritual landscape,” wherein its environmental characteristics directly influence the pilgrims’ physiological state. Appropriate design of green spaces and support facilities within urban sectors could help enhance the lived experience of pilgrims, particularly for vulnerable groups. |
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| Keywords: Arbaeen Walk, Physiological Indicators, Heart Rate, Stress Level, Blood Oxygen Saturation, Environmental Design |
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Full-Text [PDF 935 kb]
(22 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Accepted: 2026/05/14 | Published: 2026/05/14
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