<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Journal title</title>
<title_fa>عنوان نشریه</title_fa>
<short_title>Intenational Journal of Urban and Rural Management</short_title>
<subject>Literature &amp; Humanities</subject>
<web_url>http://ijurm.imo.org.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn></journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online></journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>doi</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
<language>fa</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1395</year>
	<month>6</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2016</year>
	<month>9</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>15</volume>
<number>43</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>fa</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>Investigating the Relationship between Economic and Demographic Factors with the Authority of PNU Professor: Case Study of Kermanshah Province</title_fa>
	<title>Investigating the Relationship between Economic and Demographic Factors with the Authority of PNU Professor: Case Study of Kermanshah Province</title>
	<subject_fa>تخصصي</subject_fa>
	<subject>Special</subject>
	<content_type_fa>پژوهشي</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Research</content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;p style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr;&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Nowadays, one &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;of the topics of interest to researchers is the authority of teachers, and fades it in universities. Look at the reality in the society and comparing with historical context motivates researchers to question why some of the professors at the university have less authority. For this purpose, this research is trying to focus on economic and demographic factors, to answer questions. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis using survey techniques and data collection tool is a questionnaire. The population consisted of professors of Kermanshah PNU in the academic year &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;2011&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;2012&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, total number of them is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;258&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. Due to the large size of the population, using the Lin sampling table sample size is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;258, which&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; for the study based on striated random sampling were selected. In the present study, face validity assessment method and construct validity based on factor analysis were used. To determine the reliability of the statements of each variable, Cronbach&amp;#39;s alpha used. Results using SPSS&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;21&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and Amos&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;21&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;statistical software were analyzed. Mean traditional authority equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;57&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, then charisma authority&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;54&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and intellectual authority is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;18&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;72&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The dimensions compared with the average expected for above dimension respectively traditional authority &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, charisma authority &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;12&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, intellectual authority is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The results show that there is a significant relationship between relative deprivation and professor&amp;rsquo;s authority (r=-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;301&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), the use of mass media and professor&amp;rsquo;s authority (r=&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;161&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), monthly income and professor&amp;rsquo;s authority (r=-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;153&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;). In addition, the results of comparison show that average of the professor&amp;rsquo;s authority among the courses is different, and this difference based on f test is significant. The average professor&amp;rsquo;s authority, for people with different degrees is different. The results of Multiple regression indicate that the traditional authority (T=&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;4&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;335&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), self-esteem (T =&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;925&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), charismatic authority (T =&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;788&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), and the relative deprivation (T =-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;2&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;287&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), total &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;42&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; from internal changes explain the value of professor&amp;rsquo;s authority variables. Furthermore, the results of structural equation shows that Chi square insignificant CMIN is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;211&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;143&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, square root index mean residual square or RMSEA is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;075&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, RMR index or residuals mean square root is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;098&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, the Chi-square to the degrees of freedom ratio CMIN&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 13pt;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot; face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;dF in model is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;199&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, against the CFI comparative fit index &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;926&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and comparative fit index thrifty PCFI, are equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;671&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; Comparative and thrifty indicators for evaluating the overall model calculated that show collected data to support the theoretical model considered.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;p style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr;&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Nowadays, one &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;of the topics of interest to researchers is the authority of teachers, and fades it in universities. Look at the reality in the society and comparing with historical context motivates researchers to question why some of the professors at the university have less authority. For this purpose, this research is trying to focus on economic and demographic factors, to answer questions. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis using survey techniques and data collection tool is a questionnaire. The population consisted of professors of Kermanshah PNU in the academic year &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;2011&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;2012&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, total number of them is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;258&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. Due to the large size of the population, using the Lin sampling table sample size is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;258, which&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; for the study based on striated random sampling were selected. In the present study, face validity assessment method and construct validity based on factor analysis were used. To determine the reliability of the statements of each variable, Cronbach&amp;#39;s alpha used. Results using SPSS&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;21&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and Amos&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;21&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;statistical software were analyzed. Mean traditional authority equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;57&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, then charisma authority&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;54&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and intellectual authority is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;18&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;72&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The dimensions compared with the average expected for above dimension respectively traditional authority &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, charisma authority &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;12&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, intellectual authority is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The results show that there is a significant relationship between relative deprivation and professor&amp;rsquo;s authority (r=-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;301&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), the use of mass media and professor&amp;rsquo;s authority (r=&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;161&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), monthly income and professor&amp;rsquo;s authority (r=-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;153&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;). In addition, the results of comparison show that average of the professor&amp;rsquo;s authority among the courses is different, and this difference based on f test is significant. The average professor&amp;rsquo;s authority, for people with different degrees is different. The results of Multiple regression indicate that the traditional authority (T=&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;4&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;335&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), self-esteem (T =&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;925&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), charismatic authority (T =&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;788&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), and the relative deprivation (T =-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;2&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;287&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;), total &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;42&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; from internal changes explain the value of professor&amp;rsquo;s authority variables. Furthermore, the results of structural equation shows that Chi square insignificant CMIN is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;211&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;143&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, square root index mean residual square or RMSEA is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;075&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, RMR index or residuals mean square root is equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;098&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, the Chi-square to the degrees of freedom ratio CMIN&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 13pt;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot; face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;dF in model is &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;199&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, against the CFI comparative fit index &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;926&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and comparative fit index thrifty PCFI, are equal to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;671&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; new=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:;&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; Comparative and thrifty indicators for evaluating the overall model calculated that show collected data to support the theoretical model considered.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</abstract>
	<keyword_fa>social authority, self-esteem, relative deprivation, Professor, University of Payam Noor</keyword_fa>
	<keyword>social authority, self-esteem, relative deprivation, Professor, University of Payam Noor</keyword>
	<start_page>249</start_page>
	<end_page>260</end_page>
	<web_url>http://ijurm.imo.org.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1145-77&amp;slc_lang=fa&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name></first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name></last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>Bahman</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>Saeidipour</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>10031947532846004127</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846004127</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
