Today, Information Technology services are considered as valuable resources in all areas. For making Information Technology Management Processes purposeful and efficient in different organizations &ndash as a competitive and strategic advantage (especially in organizations responsible for health care services) &ndash it is necessary to recognize the level of maturity of the organization and review its processes in the field of Information Technology Services. On the other hand, finding the relations between main components of maturity and Information Technology Standards are essential to make them functional. In this paper, in addition to recognizing the present IT Management Services and prioritize them we reviewed the gap between processes and compare them to provide related maturity levels for introducing a localized model in Information Technology Services maturity in organizations responsible for health care services. Therefore, with the help of health experts and professionals working in health organizations we categorized indicators in 10 management processes and 9 criteria related to it. In addition, we evaluated overlapping levels of maturity and ITIL management processes by using experts opinions that have a high percentage of consensus in the field of selecting criteria. The aim of deriving these indicators was creating a functional tool in health organizations and paying attention to its main differences with other methods in addition to inspiring from CMMI and entering effective components on Information Technology Infrastructures Standard (ITIL) framework according to functional views in Information Technology Management Services at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The present study can be recognized an applied research in accordance with its goal. In this research, a proposed instrument is used for gathering data (ITILRA questionnaire) from health care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The aim was determining the gap between current organizations management processes with an optimal one in the field of IT services (which are at different levels of maturity) with respect to the ITIL.V3 framework. For this reason, leveling joint processes between ITIL and CMMI and approving corresponding indicators at Information Technology Services Maturity Model levels were done and each criteria and processes were compared with ideal and standard situation separately. Then, we determined the highest and lowest differences rates and standard deviation for creating a localized maturity model based on ITIL. In management process, Service Desk has the most close and overlapped situation with ideal condition. In Configuration Management, the highest differences and gap was recognized, so, it should be closer to optimal condition. Service Desk belongs to Service Operations phase and it indicates the maturity level of the organization. As it was expected, it was in a very desirable condition. Configuration Management Process belongs to Translating Service Phase which stood in third place (predetermined processes) of maturity level in CMMI Model. It shows that improving maturity level of the organizations needs more efforts for reducing or omitting any gap between the current situation of the organization and a desirable condition. All these scores (by mean and standard deviation tests) obtained using SPSS software.

عنوان این تحقیق،  نقش بعد محیطی- اکولوژی در مدل فرهنگ کیفیت است. دانیل اهلرز دو بعد فرهنگی- روانشناختی و هم چنین ساختاری- مدیریتی معرفی نموده و این تحقیق براساس مطالعه انجام شده بعد محیطی- اکولوژی را به­ آن اضافه نموده است. روش تحقیق توصیفی از نوع پیمایشی بوده و جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل دو جامعه: خبرگان اول که جهت طرح و تعدیل مولفه ها و خبرگان دوم جهت تایید بارهای عاملی مولفه­ها از اعضای هیأت علمی و مدعو  واحد های دانشگاه های آزاد اسلامی استان تهران در کلیه گرایش های دو رشته مدیریت و علوم تربیتی رشته علوم تربیتی استفاده گردیده است. ابزار اندازه­گیری، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته با بعد اصلی محیطی- اکولوژی 10 مولفه و 33 سوال و استفاده از طیف ۵ درجه­ای لیکرت بوده و جهت سنجش روایی پس از تایید روایی محتوا توسط خبرگان میزان روایی سازه محاسبه و ارتباط سوالات و مولفه های تایید گردید. همچنین برای سنجش پایایی از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده گردید که در این تحقیق مقدار بعد محیطی- اکولوژی 907/0 محاسبه شد. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که مقادیر بار عاملی و سطح معناداری محاسبه شده در بعد محیطی- اکولوژی بین 10 مولفه، مولفه ارتباط با دولت با بار عاملی10.00، مولفه محیط اجتماعی با بارعاملی 9.97 و مولفه مشتریان با بارعاملی 9.39 بیشترین بارعاملی بین 10 مولفه به خود اختصاص دادند.

University autonomy and accountability have been playing such a vital role in all aspects of university governance that their importance cannot be over emphasized. Autonomy can be defined as “the right of a group of people to govern itself or to organize its own activities” and being autonomous means “being independent and having the power to make your own decisions”. On the other hand, accountability means being responsible for decisions or actions and being required or expected to justify them. The purpose of this study is to examine and assess the degree and sufficiency of university autonomy in the four area of institutional, financial, staff, and academic and also the degree of accountability of universities to their external stakeholders. The instrument for gathering data was a researcher-made questionnaire with a five- point  Likert scale and its calculated Alpha was above ./70. This means that the instrument was reliable. Data were obtained randomly from university managers at Islamic Azad University branches in Qazvin province. The data were analyzed using percentage and five-point Likert scale to objectively determine the degree of accountability and the sufficiency of the university autonomy for good governance of their branches at the four area of autonomy from the view point of university chancellors, vice-chancellors, Dean and Head of the Departments. The analysis of data in relation to research questions were investigated, using one-sample t-test by means of version 18 of SPSS software. The findings indicate that the degree of autonomy in the four area is not sufficient to govern the university well and the University administrators suggest that granting more autonomy from the central administration of Islamic Azad University and Ministry of Science, Technology and Research to the university branches may hold them to be more accountable to internal and external stakeholders.

The aim of the present study was to identify dimensions and dimensions and components of improving the educational quality of graduate students (master). The statistical population included all faculty and students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research in the city of Bushehr. The sample size in accordance with the Morgan table was estimated about 201 faculties and 351 students, and that number was randomly selected from the population; Data collection instrument was a questionnaire with 93 questions, five-point Likert's scale, and the alpha coefficient of 0/95. The collected data was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. The obtained results identified 10 dimensions and components of the students economic conditions, student facilities, library services, faculty, students, curriculum, teaching and learning methods, good communication, academic facilities and administrative services as dimensions and components of improving the educational quality of graduate students ( Master) Azad University of Bushehr, and the overall impact of these factors was 56%.

Nowadays, one of the topics of interest to researchers is the authority of teachers, and fades it in universities. Look at the reality in the society and comparing with historical context motivates researchers to question why some of the professors at the university have less authority. For this purpose, this research is trying to focus on economic and demographic factors, to answer questions. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis using survey techniques and data collection tool is a questionnaire. The population consisted of professors of Kermanshah PNU in the academic year 2011-2012, total number of them is equal to 258. Due to the large size of the population, using the Lin sampling table sample size is 258, which for the study based on striated random sampling were selected. In the present study, face validity assessment method and construct validity based on factor analysis were used. To determine the reliability of the statements of each variable, Cronbach's alpha used. Results using SPSS21 and Amos21 statistical software were analyzed. Mean traditional authority equal to 13.57, then charisma authority13.54, and intellectual authority is 18.72. The dimensions compared with the average expected for above dimension respectively traditional authority 15, charisma authority 12, intellectual authority is 15. The results show that there is a significant relationship between relative deprivation and professor’s authority (r=-0.301), the use of mass media and professor’s authority (r=0.161), monthly income and professor’s authority (r=-0.153). In addition, the results of comparison show that average of the professor’s authority among the courses is different, and this difference based on f test is significant. The average professor’s authority, for people with different degrees is different. The results of Multiple regression indicate that the traditional authority (T=4.335), self-esteem (T =3.925), charismatic authority (T =3.788), and the relative deprivation (T =-2.287), total 0.42 from internal changes explain the value of professor’s authority variables. Furthermore, the results of structural equation shows that Chi square insignificant CMIN is equal to 211.143, square root index mean residual square or RMSEA is equal to 0.075, RMR index or residuals mean square root is equal to 0.098, the Chi-square to the degrees of freedom ratio CMIN.dF in model is 3.199, against the CFI comparative fit index 0.926, and comparative fit index thrifty PCFI, are equal to 0.671 Comparative and thrifty indicators for evaluating the overall model calculated that show collected data to support the theoretical model considered.

This study was performed to identify factors affecting the entrepreneurial university. In order to achieve this goal, a sample of 173 faculty members (academic rank of associate professor or higher) in academic year of 2015-2016 was selected using the using relative stratified sampling and Cochran’s formula. In this study, given the purpose and nature of research, for analysis of the data, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used. The results of in-depth interviews and semi-structured and targeted interview with 14 qualified university professors led to the initial questionnaire developed by the researchers at 5-point Likert scale with 50 items; upon exploratory analysis, 9 items were excluded due to extraction value of commonality smaller than 0.5. Content validity of the questionnaire was approved by accredited academic experts. To assess the construct validity, convergent and divergent validity criteria were used. The results of factor loadings of each item showed that all items had factor loading of over 0.4 and average extracted variance of over 0.5, thus convergent validity of the variables was confirmed. In addition, the values ​​of the square root of the average variance extracted (AVE) was highest, indicating the validity of divergent validity of the variables. Composite reliability and validity of the questionnaire for all variables showed high levels of 0.7. Results showed that the size and components affecting establishment of entrepreneurial university included internal factors (capabilities, management and leadership, structure, prospects, financial resources and research, cultural and education policies) and external factors (interaction with environment and internationalization of the university). Finally, test of the model using t-test showed that the size and the identified factors had a positive and significant impact on the entrepreneurial university.

University students are exposed to stress because of their age and their particular situation. Stress can cause serious problems to the health and academic performance of students. One of the factors affecting stress is the environment. Therefore, finding ways to reduce stress in universities is important and needs to be investigated. Unfortunately, one of the fundamental problems of universities is the lack of features and qualities of a space that reduces the stress of students. This means that university spaces are not designed and constructed for reducing the stress of students and enough attention was not paid to this issue. The relative lack of research in this field makes necessary to pay attention to this issue and carry out studies in this regard. The purpose of this study is to provide effective spatial features to reduce the stress of university students and to determine the effectiveness of each of these features. The research is conducted by survey method and Delphi technique was carried out in three rounds. For this purpose, firstly open-ended questionnaires were distributed among the experts. Then the answers were investigated and the lists of features were extracted. In the next step, based on the information obtained, close-ended questionnaires were made and the importance levels of features were put into question among the experts and then data were analyzed using SPSS software. In the final stage, experts expressed their final opinions considering the statistical results of the previous stage. The results of this study showed that effective spatial features on stress reduction of students are classified by influencing level into four categories of environmental conditions, natural factors, environmental comfort and physical aspects. And among the details of these features, adequate and proper light for spaces”, connecting with outdoor and semi-outdoor spaces and desirable sound in spaces, are of utmost importance.

Present study was done aimed to identify the techniques of improving the heads of Islamic Azad university branches and ranking them effectiveness in order to promotion of professional ability. Study methodology was descriptive survey that was performed in qualitative and quantitative parts. Statistical population in the qualitative part was includes present and past heads of Guilan Islamic Azad university branches with more than 20 years’ record of service as head and in the quantitative part it was consisted of all the heads, vice-heads of branches and heads of faculties in Guilan Islamic Azad universities. Systematic non-random technique was performed and for quantitative part, total counting was performed to select the study population in the qualitative part. Research tool included interviewing and two open ended and close ended questionnaires. Data analysis was performed by fuzzy technique. In this study, 33 development techniques were recognized for heads of university branches, were classified in 3 major categories including formal, learning in practice and informal. Study findings indicate that amongst the development techniques for university branches heads, proceeding in the management profession, moving from lower responsibilities to the higher responsibilities, 360 evaluations, contributing in the question and response sessions with different beneficiaries, visiting the university branches with successful function had greatest effect on the enhancement of professional ability of university branches heads.

The present study has been done to provide a model to promote organizational health in University of Applied Science and Technology. It is a descriptive survey. Statistical population were 5639 people and 700 people were chosen as a sample by random stratified sampling and they were examined by the researcher-developed questionnaire. To determine content validity of the questionnaire, the review of literature and experts opinion were excerpted; experimental implementation has been applied to determine face validity; and factor analysis was used to estimate construct validity, on the other hand, Cronbachα was 0.795 which show reliability of the instrument. However, the status quo is lower than the average in all the mentioned components at Applied Science and Technology University. The conceptual model of study that include 19 components and 32 mechanisms has been developed, also the degree of model fitness has been judged by experts.

The objective of present study was to identify and evaluate the organizational structure of agile universities. The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Statistical populations in the qualitative section consisted of 18 researchers in the field of organizational agility and were selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical society in quantitative section consisted of 150 members of the faculty of management at the University units of Mazandaran province. These subjects have been teaching in the universities at least for 10 years. Stratified random sampling was done considering the size of the faculty members in each college. The sample size was 90 people calculated based on Cochran Formula. Data collection tools in qualitative section were semi-structured interviews and questionnaire respondents agreed determining factor in the quantitative part questionnaire had 25 questions drawn from the results of the interviews. This question has two dimensions and evaluated the existing and desired agile organizational structure. In the qualitative data analysis methods, using the technique of open coding, axial, and selective and Kendall test showed agreement among experts; In the quantitative data analyses using descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The qualitative findings stage of the existence of qualitative show there are 7 factors and 25 indexes. Kendall's coefficient of agreement for the issue of the right size were (0.72), improving the organizational level (0.66) decreased organizational formalities, (0.67), effective communication, (0.69) now and integration (0.61) the center of decision-making (0.67) and the improvement of human resources. So these concepts were introduced as aspects of organizational structure. The findings of this assessment indicate that between the status quo and the ideal situation is marked on all sides there is a significant difference. Most of this difference in the dimensions of formalization and the lowest levels in the structure; According to the strategy managers and planners Islamic Azad University about creating agile university research findings can provide special approaches.