Today, our analysis of natural disasters has become an important and broad range that is currently being discussed at the simultaneous and interdependence of sustainable development and disaster management. Accordingly, the analysis and development of human and environmental systems against natural disasters in the way of achieving sustainable development is of particular importance. This non - experimental study has correlation based on the practical goal of earthquake vulnerability in the region of 15 Tehran against earthquakes using hierarchical analysis method. in this paper, four dimensions of social, economic, institutional and physical - physical aspects have been used in this paper based on theoretical and empirical bases of social against earthquake. The higher the level of social dimension among citizens, the higher the swing rate is added. There is a positive and significant relationship between vulnerability and its four dimensions. The relationship between the four dimensions of social, economic, institutional and physical - environment is quite meaningful. in general, due to the results of path analysis, the social dimension has the greatest impact among the dimensions in explanation.